What is a significant risk factor for developing coronary artery disease?

Smoking is a well-established significant risk factor for developing coronary artery disease (CAD). The chemicals in tobacco smoke can damage blood vessels and lead to the buildup of plaque in the arteries, which restricts blood flow to the heart and increases the risk of heart attacks. Additionally, smoking contributes to inflammation and higher levels of carbon monoxide in the blood, which further compounds cardiovascular risk.

In contrast, a high fiber diet, regular exercise, and low cholesterol intake are associated with cardiovascular health and are protective factors against CAD rather than risks. A high fiber diet helps reduce cholesterol levels, regular exercise enhances cardiovascular fitness and lowers blood pressure, and a low cholesterol intake can contribute to maintaining healthier lipid levels in the body. Therefore, smoking stands out as a major negative influence on heart health.