Which condition is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels?

Diabetes Mellitus is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to the body's inability to produce sufficient insulin or effectively use the insulin produced. In this condition, glucose builds up in the bloodstream, leading to hyperglycemia. It encompasses different types, such as Type 1 diabetes, where there is an absolute deficiency of insulin, and Type 2 diabetes, which typically involves insulin resistance.

In people with Diabetes Mellitus, persistent hyperglycemia can lead to various complications affecting the eyes, kidneys, nerves, and cardiovascular system if not managed properly. Understanding the critical role of insulin and the mechanism by which glucose metabolism is disrupted in diabetes is essential for recognizing how to manage and treat this widespread condition effectively.