Which murmur would be auscultated in a patient with an unknown congenital heart defect presenting with symptoms of fatigue?

Mitral regurgitation is characterized by a holosystolic murmur best heard at the apex and often radiating to the left axilla. It occurs when the mitral valve fails to close properly during systole, allowing blood to flow backward from the left ventricle into the left atrium. In patients with congenital heart defects, this condition can arise due to malformations that affect the structure and function of the mitral valve or the surrounding heart anatomy.

In the context of a patient presenting with fatigue, mitral regurgitation can contribute to decreased cardiac output, leading to symptoms like fatigue due to poor perfusion. The murmur itself serves as a clinical indicator of the underlying issue, making it relevant in the assessment of a patient with suspected congenital heart disease.

Other murmurs such as aortic stenosis, mitral valve prolapse, and mitral stenosis might lead to fatigue as well, but their specific characteristics and causes differ notably. Aortic stenosis typically presents with a systolic ejection murmur, whereas mitral valve prolapse may present with a mid-systolic click followed by a potential late systolic murmur. Mitral stenosis is associated with a diastolic murmur, making it